Course Syllabi

EXTD 103: Introduction to Reproductive Issues
EXTD 201: Current Issues in Bioethics
EXTD 202: Multidisciplinary Approaches to Abortion
EXTD 203: Ethical and Social Issues in Genetics
EXTD 204: Women and Motherhood
EXTD 300: Ethical and Political Issues in Reproduction

EXTD 103: Introduction to Reproductive Issues

Adrienne Asch
Fall 2003
Tuesday and Friday: 9:50 - 11:00am
Pendleton East 349
Email: aasch@wellesley.edu
Teaching Office: Pendleton East 133, x3248
Program Office: Pendleton East 134, x3423
Home Phone: (781) 237-9572
Office Hours: Wednesday 10:00am-12:00pm; Friday 2:00pm-4:00pm

This course will use a lecture/discussion format. Classes will have a minimum of formal lecture from the professor and will instead emphasize whole-group analysis and discussion of material. The course will examine reproduction as an experience that is profoundly significant for women, men, children, and the society in which people live.

REQUIRED TEXTS:
Readings for this course will be drawn from three sources: the following two books (available for purchase in the bookstore); e-reserves (ER) (available online under the course conference); as well as reserve readings (R) (available at Clapp). Two copies of each of the books will also be on reserve at Clapp or the Science Library.

Boston Women’s Health Book Collective (1998). Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Steingraber, S. (2001). Having Faith: An Ecologist’s Journey to Motherhood. Cambridge: Perseus Press.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. Class attendance and active participation in all classroom discussion. 20%.
As part of class participation, contribute e-mail questions for class discussion on at least three different course topics of your choice. Send questions to me by 7:00 am the morning before the class session in which we will take up the topic. One of these emails should be sent by the class of September 30. More than three emails are welcome.

2. First paper of 1000 words consisting of interview questions and goals. This paper will be explained in detail in class. Due in hardcopy and email at 6:00 pm on Wednesday, October 1. 10%.

3. Second paper of 2000-2500 words consisting of a write-up of two interviews. Due in hardcopy and email at 6:00 pm on Wednesday, November 12. 20%.

4. Debate and short paper of 500 words on bioethics topic. Presentations will take place on Tuesday, November 25. 20%.

5. Final paper of 2500-3000 words. Due in hardcopy and email at 4:30 pm on Friday, December 19 (the last day of exams). I will discuss specific ideas during the semester and expect to meet with each of you individually to talk about your particular topic. 30%.

Unit One: Contemporary Experiences in Reproduction
September 2
Class #1: Introduction to the scope and limits of the course.

September 5
Class #2: Contemporary experiences in reproduction.

From Sojourner 20(5) (January 1995): (ER)
Farquhar, D. Reproductive Technologies are Here to Stay. pp. 6-7.
Shuster, S. Musings on Infertility: A Lesbian Perspective. pp. 8-9.
Blumberg, L. Eugenics vs. Reproductive Choice. pp. 16-17.
Hartouni, V. Breached Birth: Reflections on Race, Gender and Reproductive Discourse. pp. 18-19.
Moore, L. J., & Schmidt, M. Semen Banks: Reproducing Male Hierarchies. pp. 20-21.

September 9
Class #3: Reproduction: A beginning, part I.

Steingraber, S. Having Faith: An Ecologist’s Journey to Motherhood (pp. 1-202). Cambridge: Perseus Press.

September 10
***Office hours will be held from 2:00 to 4:00 pm.***

September 12
Class #4: Reproduction: A beginning, part II.

Steingraber, S. Having Faith: An Ecologist’s Journey to Motherhood (pp. 203-342). Cambridge: Perseus Press.

September 16
Class #5: Women’s health and the women’s health movement.

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Stages in the Reproductive Life Cycle. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 276-287). New York: Simon and Schuster.

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). The Politics of Women's Health and Medical Care. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 680-700). New York: Simon and Schuster.

September 17
***Office hours cancelled.***

September 19
Class #6: Contemporary attitudes toward parenting.

Guest Lecturer: Rosanna Hertz, Department of Women’s Studies
Topic: Interviewing Parents: Some Practical Suggestions

***Office hours cancelled.***

Unit Two: The History of Child-bearing and Medical Practice in the United States.
September 23
Class # 7: Colonial and early United States.

Ulrich, L. T. (1990). December 1793: Birth 50, Birth 51. In A Midwife’s Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard, Based on her Diary, 1785-1812 (pp. 162-203). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. (ER)

Childbearing on the Mayflower (1984). In N. Sorel (Ed.), Ever Since Eve: Personal Reflections on Childbirth (pp. 92-93). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

A Sow-Gelder Performs the First Caesarean (1984). In N. Sorel (Ed.), Ever Since Eve: Personal Reflections on Childbirth (pp. 109-112). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Covered Wagon Confinements (1984). In N. Sorel (Ed.), Ever Since Eve: Personal Reflections on Childbirth (pp. 120-123). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

September 26
Class #8: Hospital births from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries.

Wertz, R. W. and Wertz, D. C. (1989). Chapters 2 and 5 in Lying in: A History of Childbirth in America (pp. 29-76; 132-177). New Haven: Yale University Press. (ER)

September 30
Class #9: Modern-day childbirth.

The Dionne Quintuplets: Five Tiny Baby Girls in a Butcher Basket. (1984). In N. Sorel (Ed.), Ever Since Eve: Personal Reflections on Childbirth (pp. 35-41). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Pregnancy. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 437-465). New York: Simon and Schuster.

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Childbirth. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 466-501). New York: Simon and Schuster.

October 1
***First assignment due at 6:00 pm (hardcopy and email).***

October 3
Class #10: Hospitals and social child-bearing.

Jordan, B. and Davis-Floyd, R. (1993). Chapters 3 and 6 in Birth in Four Cultures: A Cross Cultural Investigation of Childbirth in Yucatan, Holland, Sweden, and the United States (pp. 45-90; 151-168). Illinois: Waveland Press. (ER)

October 7
Class #11: The midwife in the twenty-first century.

Guest Lecturer: Julie Feinland, CNM, MS, MPH
Staff Nurse Midwife, Bay State Medical Center; Adjunct Faculty, Tufts University School of Medicine
Topic: Modern Day Midwifery

Unit Three: Reproduction and the Family.
This unit explores the following questions: Why do humans reproduce? How do philosophers view parenthood? How has the parent-child relationship changed over time, and how may new reproductive technologies affect norms of desirable parent-child relationships? How does women's biological place in the reproductive process shape child-rearing, and how should we understand the male involvement in the care and growth of children?

October 10
Class #12: Religious Perspectives on Reproduction

Population Ethics: Religious Traditions (1995). In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Bioethics (pp. 1974-2004). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

October 14
No Class - Fall Break

October 17
Class #13: Why Humans Reproduce: A Socio-biological Perspective

Having a Baby Inside Me is the Only Time I’m Really Alive (1984). In N. Sorel (Ed.), Ever Since Eve: Personal Reflections on Childbirth. (pp. 28-29) New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Wilson, E. O. (1978). Sex. In On Human Nature (pp. 121-148). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (ER)

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Sexual Health and Controlling our Fertility. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 263-267). New York: Simon and Schuster.

Hrdy, S. B. (1999). Family Planning Primate-Style. In Mother Nature: Maternal Instincts and How they Shape the Human Species (pp. 175-204). New York: Ballantine Books. (ER)

October 21
Class #14: Why humans reproduce: A philosophical perspective.

Alpern, K. D. (1992). Why have Children?: Meaning and Significance. In K. D. Alpern (Ed.), Ethics of Reproductive Technology (pp. 129-131). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Alpern, K. D. (1992). Genetic Puzzles and Stork Stories: On the Meaning and Significance. In K. D. Alpern (Ed.), Ethics of Reproductive Technology (pp. 147-169). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

October 24
Class #15: Fatherhood.

Guest Lecturer: Nat Sheidley, Assistant Professor of History
Topic: American Fatherhood in Historical and Cultural Perspective

Readings to be Announced

October 28
Class #16: Contrasting views of the parent-child relationship in the United States.

Zelizer, V. (1985). From Useful to Useless and Back to Useful? Emerging Patterns in the Valuation of Children. In Pricing the Priceless Child: The Changing Social Value of Children (pp. 208-228). New York: Basic Books. (ER)

LaFollette, H. (1980). Licensing Parents. Philosophy and Public Affairs 9(2), pp. 182-197. (ER)

October 31
Class # 17: Roles of women and men as parents: Biological, psychological, and social determinants of parental behavior, part I.

Rossi, A. (1977). A Biosocial Perspective on Parenting. Daedalus 106(2), pp. 1-31. (ER)

Hrdy, S. B. (1999). Unnatural Mothers. In Mother Nature: Maternal Instincts and How They Shape the Human Species (pp. 288-318). New York: Ballantine Books. (ER)

November 4
No Class - Tanner Conference

November 7
Class #18: Roles of women and men as parents: biological, psychological, and social determinants of parental behavior, part II.

Laqueur, T. (1992). The Facts of Fatherhood. In B. Thorne & M. Yalom (Eds.), Rethinking the Family: Some Feminist Questions (pp. 155-75). Boston: Northeastern University Press. (ER)

Ruddick, S. (1992). Thinking about Fathers. In B. Thorne & M. Yalom (Eds.), Rethinking the Family: Some Feminist Questions (pp. 176-190). Boston: Northeastern University Press. (ER)

Shem, S. (1998). A Prayer for Connection. In D. Henry & J. A. McPherson (Eds.), Fathering Daughters: Reflections by Men (pp. 29-41). Boston: Beacon Press. (ER)

Soto, G. (1998). Getting It Done. In D. Henry & J. A. McPherson (Eds.), Fathering Daughters: Reflections by Men (pp. 118-126). Boston: Beacon Press. (ER)

Gates, Jr., H. L. (1997). Considerations on Fatherhood. In A. C. Willis (Ed.), Faith of Our Fathers: African-American Men Reflect on Fatherhood (pp. 91-102). New York: Plume. (ER)

November 11
Class #19: Roles of women and men as parents: biological, psychological, and social determinants of parental behavior, part III.

Gerson, K. (1993). Dilemmas of Involved Fatherhood. No Man's Land: Men's Changing Commitment to Family and Work (pp. 215-255). New York: Basic Books. (ER)

November 12
***Second assignment due at 6:00 pm (hardcopy and email).***

Unit Four: Assisted Reproduction.
November 14
Class #20: Assisting reproduction: Is this the Brave New World? Part I: Infertility

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Infertility. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 531-539). New York: Simon and Schuster.

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Assisted Low-tech and High-tech Reproductive Technologies. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 420-432). New York: Simon and Schuster.

From The New York Times series on infertility: (ER)

Gabriel, T. (1996, January 7). High-tech Pregnancies Test Hope's Limit. The New York Times, A1, A18.

Hoffman, J. (1996, January 8). Egg Donations Meet a Need and Raise Ethical Questions. The New York Times, A1, A10.

Lee, F. R. (1996, January 9). Infertile Couples Forge Ties Within Society of Their Own. The New York Times, A1, A39.

Rosenthal, E. (1996, January 10). From Lives Begun in a Lab, Brave New Joy. The New York Times, A1, C6.

November 18
Class #21: Assisting reproduction: Is this the Brave New World? Part II: Surrogate motherhood.

Roberts, D. (1997). Race and the New Reproduction. In Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty (pp. 246-293). New York: Pantheon Books. (ER)

Zipper, J., & Sevenhuijsen, S. (1987). Surrogacy: Feminist Notions of Motherhood Reconsidered. In M. Stanworth (Ed.), Reproductive Technologies: Gender, Motherhood, and Medicine (pp. 118-138). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. (ER)

Smith, D.H. (1988). Wombs for Rent, Selves for Sale? Journal of Contemporary Health Law and Policy 4, pp. 23-36. (ER)

November 21

Kass, L. (1997). The Wisdom of Repugnance: Why We Should Ban the Cloning of Humans. The New Republic 216, pp. 17-26. (ER)

Pence, G. (1998). Arguments for Allowing Human Asexual Reproduction. In Who’s Afraid of Human Cloning? (pp. 99-117). New York: Rowman & Littlefield. (ER)

November 25
Class #23: In-Class Debates on Bioethics Topic

November 28
No Class - Thanksgiving Break

Unit Five: Deciding Against Parenthood.
December 2
Class #24: Deciding against parenthood: Abortion and adoption.

Berg, B. I Think We Can, I Think We Can, I Know We Can. In N. Sorel (Ed.), Ever Since Eve: Personal Reflections on Childbirth (pp. 19-22). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Unplanned Pregnancies: Finding Out You're Pregnant and Deciding What to Do. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 378-387). New York: Simon and Schuster.

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Feelings after an Abortion. In Our bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 406-408). New York: Simon and Schuster.

Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1998). Alternatives. In Our Bodies, Ourselves for the New Century (pp. 539-543). New York: Simon and Schuster.

December 5
Class #25: Personal accounts of abortion and adoption decisions.

Guest Lecturer: Adam Pertman, Executive Director, Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute
Topic: Lessons of Adoption Stories

Bonavoglia, A. (1991). Kathy. In A. Bonavoglia (Ed.), The Choices We Made: 25 women and Men Speak Out about Abortion (pp. 169-177). New York: Random House. (ER)

Bonavoglia, A. (1991). Norma McCorvey (Alias Jane Roe). In A. Bonavoglia (Ed.), The Choices We Made: 25 Women and Men Speak Out about Abortion (pp. 137-143). New York: Random House. (ER)

Hoshiko, S. (1992). Denise. Our Choices: Women's Personal Decisions About Abortion (pp. 79-83). Binghamton: Haworth Press. (ER)

Hoshiko, S. (1992). Joyce. Our Choices: Women's Personal Decisions About Abortion (pp. 47-57). Binghamton: Haworth Press. (ER)

Dusky, L. (1995). Family Reunions. In S. Wadia-Ells (Ed.), The Adoption Reader (pp. 3-9). Seattle: Seal Press. (ER)

Scully Davis, K. (1995). A Love Story. In S. Wadia-Ells (Ed.), The Adoption Reader. (pp.18-26). Seattle: Seal Press. (ER)

Sherer Jacobson, D. (1995). The Question of David. In S. Wadia-Ells (Ed.), The Adoption Reader (pp. 85-96). Seattle: Seal Press. (ER)

Wadia-Ells, S. (1995). The Anil Journals. In S. Wadia-Ells (Ed.), The Adoption Reader (pp. 114-122). Seattle: Seal Press. (ER)

December 9
Class # 26: Continued discussion of abortion and adoption and wrap-up.

December 19
***Final assignment due at 4:30 pm (hardcopy and email).***

EXTD 201: Current Issues in Bioethics

REQUIRED TEXTS:

Readings for this course will be drawn from two sources: the following books (available for purchase in the bookstore); and e-reserves (ER) . Two copies of each of the books will also be on reserve at Clapp or the Science Library.

Rhodes, R., Battin, M. P., and Silvers, A. (Eds.). (2002). Medicine and Social Justice: Essays on the distribution of health care. New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Steinbock, B., Arras, John D., and London, A. J. (Eds.). (2003). Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine (6th Edition). New York: McGraw Hill. (SAL)

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. Regular attendance and active participation are essential to success in this course. I expect everyone to contribute to lively interchange based on your careful, critical reading of the material assigned for each class. I will take attendance and expect students to be absent rarely, if at all. I may sometimes call on quiet members to encourage everyone to join in the discussion and to prevent a few vocal participants from dominating discussion. As part of your participation, you should select three class sessions for which you will email to me written comments on the assigned reading(s) and a question you would like to raise in class discussion. You also must respond after two class sessions (of your choice) with emailed comments about unresolved issues you would like brought up in the next class. These emails are due by 12:00 midnight the night before class so that I can use them in formulating the upcoming session. One of the five emails must be sent by the class of February 23. More than five emails are welcome. Attendance, participation, and the five emailed comments and questions will be 25% of the final grade.

2. A paper of approximately 1500 words based on one of several case studies I will provide to you. This paper is due in hardcopy and email by 5:00pm on Tuesday, March 2. (20%).

3. A paper of approximately 2000 words evaluating one of several articles I will suggest. This paper is due in hardcopy and email by 5:00pm on Friday, April 9. (25%).

4. A paper of approximately 2500 words responding to one of several topics I will propose. You may select a topic not on the list, but you should consult with me by the last day of class. Paper topics must be submitted to me via email by 11:00pm on Monday, May 3. The paper is due in hardcopy and email by 4:30pm on Monday, May 17. (Please note that this is the day BEFORE the last day of exams.) (30%).

GENERAL INFORMATION:

Office hours are Wednesdays 2:30-5:00pm and by appointment for people who cannot use these hours or in situations where I must cancel office hours. I will not necessarily be available Thursday afternoon through Sunday evening. This means that emails and phone calls may not be returned during these times, so please plan ahead. If for any reason you feel you have serious concerns about meeting the course requirements as specified, please talk with me the first week of classes and we can discuss your particular situation.

CLASS TOPICS AND READINGS:

Unit One: Introduction

Thursday, January 29
Class 1: Introduction and Overview.

Monday, February 2
Class 2: A Brief History of Bioethics.

Jonsen, A. R. (Ed.). (1993). Special supplement: The birth of bioethics. The Hastings Center Report 23(6), 1-15. (ER)

Thursday, February 5
Class 3: Health, Healthcare, and the Goals of Medicine, Part I.

Sulmasy, D. P. (2001). Reading the medical ethics literature: A discourse on method. In J. Sugarman & D. P. Sulmasy (Eds.), Methods in medical ethics (pp. 286-297). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. (ER)

Arras, J. D. (2003). Antihypertensives and the risk of temporary impotence: A case study in informed consent. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 91-92). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Wildes, K. & Engelhardt, T. (1995). Health and disease: Philosophical perspectives. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics (pp. 1101-1106). New York: Simon and Schuster MacMillan. (ER)

Boorse, C. (1987). Concepts of health. In D. VanDeVeer & T. Regan (Eds.), Health care ethics: An introduction (pp. 359-393). Philadelphia: Temple University Press. (ER)

Monday, February 9
Class 4: Health, Healthcare, and the Goals of Medicine, Part II.

The goals of medicine: Setting new priorities. In M. J. Hanson & D. Callahan (Eds.), The goals of medicine: The forgotten issues in health care reform (pp. 1-54). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. (ER)

Unit Two: Deciding to Sustain or End Life

Thursday, February 12
Class 5: Deciding for Oneself

State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. Northern. (2003) In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 283-287). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Transcript of proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. Northern. (2003) In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 287-290). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Monday, February 16
No Class - President's Day

Thursday, February 19
Class 6: Deciding for Others Without Advance Directives, Part I: The Never-Competent Patient.

McAililey, L. G., & Daly, B. J. (2002). Case Study-Baby Grace and Commentaries. The Hastings Center Report, 32(1), 12-15. (ER)

Caplan, A., & Cohen, C. (Eds.) (1987). Sections 1, 3, 4, & 5 in Special issue: Imperiled newborns. The Hastings Center Report 17(6), 7-9, 13-16, 17-21, 22-25. (ER)

Friday, February 20
Class 7: Deciding for Others Without Advance Directives, Part II.

Buchanan, A., & Brock, D. W. (2003). Deciding for others: Competency. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 290-300). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Eisendrath, S. J., & Jonsen, A. R. (2003). The living will: Help or hindrance? In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 309-316). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Dresser, R. S., & Robertson, J. A. (2003). Quality of life and non-treatment decisions for incompetent patients: A critique of the orthodox approach. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 357-368). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Thursday, February 26
Class 9: Deciding for Others: Using Advance Directives, Part II.

Smith, W. J. (2003). The Wendland case and the treacherous road to nonpersonhood. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 348-353). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Nelson, L. (2003). The Wendland case. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A.J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 353-356). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

In the matter of Claire C. Conroy. (2003). In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 323-333). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

The New Jersey Commission on Legal and Ethical Problems in the Delivery of Health Care. (1991). Advanced directives for health care: Planning ahead for important health care decisions (pp. 1-6). Princeton, NJ: State of New Jersey Commission on Legal and Ethical Problems in the Delivery of Health Care (The New Jersey Bioethics Commission). (ER)

Monday, March 1
Class 10: Deciding for Others: Using Advance Directives, Part III.

Before writing your paper, please review:
Sulmasy, D. P. (2001). Reading the medical ethics literature: A discourse on method. In J. Sugarman & D. P. Sulmasy (Eds.), Methods in medical ethics (pp. 286-290). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. (ER)

Thursday, March 4
Class 11: Physician-Assisted Suicide, Part I.

Quill, T. E. (2003). Death and dignity: A case of individualized decision making. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 377-380). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Patient request form for Oregon's Death with Dignity Act. (2003). In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 381). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Dworkin, R. (2003). Assisted suicide: The philosophers' brief, introduction. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 382-385). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Dworkin, R., Nagel, T., Nozick, R., Rawls, J., Scanlon, T., & Thomson, J. J. (2003). The philosophers' brief. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 386-394). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Arras, J. D. (2003). Physician-assisted suicide: A tragic view. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 394-400). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Monday, March 8
Class 12: Physician-Assisted Suicide, Part II.

Battin, M. P. (2003). Euthanasia: The way we do it, the way they do it - end-of-life practices in the developed world. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 401-415). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Hardwig, J. (2003). Is there a duty to die?. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 416-425). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Ackerman, F. (2003). "For now have I my death": The "duty to die" versus the duty to help the ill stay alive. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 426-434). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

King, P. A., & Wolf, L. E. (1998). Lessons for physician-assisted suicide from the African-American experience. In M. P. Battin, R. Rhodes, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Physician assisted suicide: Expanding the debate (pp. 91-112). New York: Routledge. (ER)

Bickenbach, J. E. (1998). Disability and life-ending decisions. In M. P. Battin, R. Rhodes, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Physician assisted suicide: Expanding the debate (pp. 123-132). New York: Routledge. (ER)

Unit Three: Diversity, Minority Status, and Bioethics

Thursday, March 11
Class 13: Diversity, Minority Status, and Bioethics, Part I.

Blustein, J. (2002). Multiculturalism and just health care: Taking pluralism seriously. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 38-52). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

McGary, H. (2002). Racial groups, distrust, and the distribution of health care. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 212-223). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Smith, P. (2002). Justice, health and the price of poverty. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 301-318). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Tong, R., & Williams, N. (2002). Gender justice in the health-care system: Past experiences, present realities, and future hopes. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 224-234). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Monday, March 15
Class 14: Diversity, Minority Status, and Bioethics, Part II.

Lebacqz, K. (1998). Difficult difference. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 7(1), 17-26. (ER)

Blacksher, E. (1998). Desperately seeking difference. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 7(1), 11-16. (ER)

Hern, H. E., Koenig, B. A., Moore, L. J., & Marshall, P. A. (1998). The difference that culture can make in end-of-life decisionmaking. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 7(1), 27-40. (ER)

Levin, B. W., & Schiller, N. G. (1998). Social class and medical decisionmaking: A neglected topic in bioethics. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 7(1), 41-56. (ER)

Unit Four: Justice in Health Care

Thursday, March 18
Class 15: Justice and Healthcare.

Baumrin, B. H. (2002). Why there is no right to health care. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 78-83). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Hessler, K., & Buchanan, A. (2002). Specifying the content of the human right to health care. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 84-96). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (2003). An ethical framework for access to health care. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 155-164). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Daniels, N. (2003). Equal opportunity and health care. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 164-167). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Monday, March 22 and Thursday, March 25
No Class - Spring Break

Monday, March 29
Class 16: Microallocation Decisions, Part I.

Schiffer, R. B., & Freedman, B. (1998). Case study - the last bed in the ICU and commentaries. In B. Crigger (Ed.), Cases in bioethics: Selections from the Hastings Center Report (3rd Edition) (pp. 230-234). New York: St. Martin's Press. (ER)

Rhodes, R. (2002). Justice in transplant organ allocation. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 345-361). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Thursday, April 1
Class 17: Microallocation Decisions, Part II

Wasserman, J., May, J. J., Schwartz, D. H, & Penticuff, J. H. (1998). Case study - the doctor, the patient and the DRG. In B. Crigger (Ed.), Cases in bioethics: Selections from the Hastings Center Report (3rd Edition) (pp. 238-244). New York: St. Martin's Press. (ER)

Marchand, S., Wikler, D., & Landesman, B. (2003). Class, health, and justice. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 167-176). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Monday, April 5
Class 18: Macroallocation Decisions, Part I

Eddy, D. M. (2003). The individual vs. society: Resolving the conflict. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 194-201). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Menzel, P., Gold, M. R., Nord, E., Pinto-Prades, J., Richardson, J., & Ubel, P. (2003) Toward a broader view of values in cost-effectiveness analysis of health. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A.J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 201-210). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Daniels, N., & Sabin, J. (2003). Last-chance therapies and managed care: Pluralism, fair procedures, and legitimacy. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 210-222). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Thursday, April 8
Class 19: Macroallocation Decisions, Part II.

Francis, L. P. (2002). Age rationing under conditions of injustice. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 270-277). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Kopelman, L. M. (2002). Children's right to health care: A modest proposal. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 259-269). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Brock, D. W. (2002). Priority to the worse off in health-care resource prioritization. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 362-372). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Stell, L. K. (2002). Responsibility for health status. In R. Rhodes, M. P. Battin, & A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health care (pp. 405-425). New York: Oxford University Press. (RBS)

Friday, April 9
***Second assignment due at 5:00pm (hardcopy and email).***

Unit Five: Research Ethics

Monday, April 12
Class 20: Some Important History.

The Nuremberg Code. (2003). In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 705-706). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (2002). The Belmont Report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 738-745). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Brandt, A. M. (2002). Racism and research: The case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 727-738). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Student Reports : Half the class will read Katz, Southam and "How and by whom…", and the other half will read Rothman and Krugman.

Katz, J. (2003). The Jewish chronic disease hospital case. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 706). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Southam, C. M., & Mandel, E. E. (2003). Rebuttal affidavits for respondent. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 707-710). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

How and by whom should the consequences of research be reviewed?. (2003). In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 710-717). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Rothman, D. J., & Rothman, S. M. (2003). The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 718-721). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Krugman, S. (2003). The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies revisited: Ethical aspects. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp 722-727). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Thursday, April 15
Class 21: Current Issues in Research Ethics, Part I.

Markman, M. (2003). Ethical difficulties with randomized clinical trials involving cancer patients: Examples from the field of gynecologic oncology. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 747-750). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Hellman, S., & Hellman, D. S. (2003). Of mice but not men: Problems of the randomized clinical trial. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 750-755). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Freedman, B. (2003). A response to a purported ethical difficulty with randomized clinical trials involving cancer patients. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 755-759). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Monday, April 19
No Class - Patriot's Day

Thursday, April 22
Class 22: Current Issues in Research Ethics, Part II.

Lurie, P., & Wolfe, S. M. (2003). Unethical trials of interventions to reduce perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in developing countries. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 761-766). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Crouch, R. A., & Arras, J. D. (2003). AZT trials and tribulations. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 766-771). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

London, A. J. (2003). The ambiguity and the exigency: Clarifying "standard of care" arguments in international research. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 771-780). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Glantz, L. H., Annas, G. J., Grodin, M. A., & Mariner, W. K. (2003). Research in developing countries: Taking "benefit" seriously. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 781-786). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Unit Six: Bioethics in the News

Monday, April 26
Class 23: Bioethics in Business.

Elliot, C. (2001). Throwing a bone to the watchdog. The Hastings Center Report 31(2), 9-12. (ER)

Donaldson, T. (2001). The business ethics of bioethics consulting. The Hastings Center Report 31(2), 12-14. (ER)

Zoloth, L. (2001). Seeing the duties to all. The Hastings Center Report 31(2), 15-19. (ER)

National Bioethics Advisory Commission. (1999). Ethical Issues in Human Stem Cell Research: Executive Summary. Rockville, MD. (ER)

Parens, E. (2001). On the ethics and politics of embryonic stem cell research. In S. Holland, K. Lebacqz, & L. Zoloth (Eds.), The human embryonic stem cell debate: Science, ethics, and public policy (pp. 37-50). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (ER)

Lebacqz, K. (2001). On the elusive nature of respect. In S. Holland, K. Lebacqz, & L. Zoloth (Eds.), The human embryonic stem cell debate: Science, ethics, and public policy (pp. 149-162). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (ER)

McLean, M. R. (2001). Stem cells: Shaping the future in public policy. In S. Holland, K. Lebacqz, & L. Zoloth (Eds.), The human embryonic stem cell debate: Science, ethics, and public policy (pp. 197-208). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (ER)

Monday, May 3
Class 25: Human Cloning.

Murray, T. H. (2003). Even if it worked, cloning wouldn't bring her back. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 665-668). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Brock, D. W. (2003). Cloning human beings: An assessment of the ethical issues pro and con. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 631-643). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

Kass, L. R. (2003). Preventing a brave new world: Why we should ban human cloning now. In B. Steinbock, J. D. Arras, & A. J. London (Eds.), Ethical issues in modern medicine (6th Edition) (pp. 643-656). New York: McGraw-Hill. (SAL)

EXTD 203: Ethical and Social Issues in Genetics

Adrienne Asch
Spring 2004
Monday and Thursday, 9:50-11:00am
Pendleton East 349
Email: aasch@wellesley.edu
Teaching Office: Pendleton East 133, x3248
Program Office: Pendleton East 134, x3423
Home Phone: (781) 237-9572
Office Hours: Wednesday 2:30-5:00pm
and by appointment

REQUIRED TEXTS:

Readings for this course will be drawn from three sources: the following books (available for purchase in the bookstore); reserves (R); and e-reserves (ER). Two copies of each of the books will also be on reserve at Clapp or the Science Library.

Parens, E. & Asch, A. (Eds.) (2000). Prenatal testing and disability rights. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Shelley, M. (1818). Frankenstein.

Students are responsible for all of the readings listed for each class, except those under the heading “Student Reports.” I will explain the use of the “Student Report” items in plenty of time for each student to use them appropriately for papers and class discussions.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

2. A 1000-1500 word written assignment, due in hardcopy and email at 5:00pm on Tuesday, March 2. (20%).

3. A 1500-2000 word written assignment, due in hardcopy and email at 5:00pm on Friday, April 9. (25%).

4. Analysis of one controversial question in a 2500 word written assignment. I will provide examples of appropriate topics, but you may propose others. Paper topics must be submitted to me via email by 11:00pm on Monday, May 3. The paper is due in hardcopy and email by 4:30pm on Monday, May 17. (Please note that this is the day BEFORE the last day of exams.) (30%).

GENERAL INFORMATION:

CLASS TOPICS AND READINGS:

Unit One: General Introduction to Issues in Genetics

Thursday, January 29
Class 1: Introduction and Overview.

Monday, February 2
Class 2: Basic Genetics.

President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research (1982). Chapters 1 and 2. In Splicing life: The social and ethical issues of genetic engineering with human beings (pp. 1-49). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. (ER)

Thursday, February 5
Class 3: Basic Genetics, continued.

President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research (1982). Chapters 3 and 4. In Splicing life: The social and ethical issues of genetic engineering with human beings (pp. 51-89). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. (ER)

Sober, E. (2000). Appendix one: The meaning of genetic causation. In A. Buchanan, D. W. Brock, N. Daniels, & D. Wikler, From chance to choice: Genetics and justice (pp. 347-370). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Monday, February 9
Class 4: Thinking about Ethical and Social Issues in Genetics.

Annas, G. & Elias, S. (1992). The major social policy issues raised by the Human Genome Project. In G. J. Annas & S. Elias (Eds.), Gene mapping: Using law and ethics as guides (pp. 3-17). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Andrews, L. B. (1999). Genetic politics. In Clone age: Adventures in the new world of reproductive technology (pp. 184-206). New York: Henry Holt and Company. (ER)

Thursday, February 12
Class 5: History of Eugenics.

Paul, D. B. (1995). Chapters 6 and 7. In Controlling human heredity: 1865 to the present (pp. 97-135). Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press. (ER)

Caplan, A. L., McGee, G., & Magnus, D. (1999). What is immoral about eugenics? The impact of new technologies in medicine. British medical journal, 319(7220), 1284-1285. (ER)

Monday, February 16
No Class - President's Day

Thursday, February 19
Class 6: The Lessons of Frankenstein?

Shelley, M. Frankenstein. Whole book.

Friday, February 20
Class moved to Sunday, February 22 at 7:30pm

Sunday, February 22
Class 7: Class Viewing of Gattaca
Pendleton East 349
7:30pm
To be confirmed

Monday, February 23
Class 8: Media Depictions of Modern Genetics; Discussion of Gattaca and Frankenstein.

Thursday, February 26
Class 9: The Current Nature-Nurture Debate, part I.

Schaffner, K. F. (2002). Draft: A basic introduction to the science of behavioral genetics. (ER)
Monday, March 1
Class 10: The Current Nature-Nurture Debate, part II.

Schaffner, K. F. (2002). Draft: A basic introduction to the science of behavioral genetics. (ER)

Tuesday, March 2
***First assignment due at 5:00pm (hardcopy and email).***

Thursday, March 4
Class 11: The Current Nature-Nurture Debate, part III.

Hamer, D. H. (1996). The heritability of happiness. Nature genetics 14, 125-126. (ER)

Rowe, D. C., & Jacobson, K. C. (1999). In the mainstream: Research in behavioral genetics. In R. A. Carson & M. A. Rothstein (Eds.), Behavioral genetics: The clash of culture and biology. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 12-34. (ER)

Hamer, D., & Copeland, P. (1998). Chapter three: ANGER: Aggression, crime, and violence. In Living with our genes: Why they matter more than you think (pp. 87-127). New York: Double Day. (ER)

Unit Two: Selecting Children's Characteristics

Sunday, March 7
Class Viewing of Twilight of the Golds
Pendleton East 349
7:30pm
To be confirmed

Monday, March 8
Class 12: Prenatal Testing and the Parent-Child Relationship, part I.

Stein, E. (1998). Choosing the sexual orientation of children. Bioethics, 12(1), 1-24. (ER)

Berkowitz, J. M., & Snyder, J. W. (1998) Racism and sexism in medically assisted conception. Bioethics, 12(1), 25-44. (ER)

Ten, C. L. (1998). The use of reproductive technologies in selecting the sexual orientation, the race and the sex of children: A comment on Stein and Berkowitz and Snyder. Bioethics, 12(1), 45-48. (ER)

Thursday, March 11
Class 13: Prenatal Testing and the Parent-Child Relationship, part II.

Feinberg, J. (1980). The child's right to an open future. In W. Aiken & H. LaFollette (Eds.), Whose child? Children’s rights, parental authority, and state power (pp. 124-153). Totowa, NJ: Littlefield, Adams & Co. (ER)

Monday, March 15
Class 14: Prenatal Testing and the Parent-Child Relationship, part III.

Ruddick, W. (2000). Ways to limit prenatal testing. In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 95-107). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Kent, D. (2000). Somewhere a mockingbird. In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 57-63). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Baily, M. A. (2000). Why I had amniocentesis. In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 64-71). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Quindlen, A. (1988, May 12). Life in the 30’s. The New York Times, p. C2. (ER)

Green, R. (1992). Letter to a genetic counselor. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 1(1), 55-70. (ER)

Thursday, March 18
Class 15: Prenatal Testing and Disability, part I.

Powell, C. M. (2000). The current state of prenatal genetic testing in the United States. In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 44-53). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Bérubé, M. (1994, December). Life as we know it: A father, a son, and genetic destiny. Harper’s, 289(1735), 41-43, 46-51. (ER)

Panzarino, C. (1990, October/ November). What is choice and who is choosing? Roll Call, pp. 5, 7. (ER)

Ferguson, P. M., & Ferguson, D. L. (1996). Communicating adulthood: The meanings of independent living for people with significant cognitive disabilities and their families. Topics in Language Disorders, 16(3), 52-67. (ER)

Goode, B. (1996). It's been a struggle: Her own story. In G. Dybwad & Bersani, H. Jr. (Eds.), New voices: Self-advocacy by people with disabilities (pp. 37-50). Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books. (ER)

Student Reports:
Karuth, D. (1982). If I were a car, I'd be a lemon. In A. Brightman (Ed.), Ordinary moments: The disabled experience (pp. 9-31). Baltimore: University Park Press. (ER)

Massie, R. & Massie, S. (1975). Journey (pp. 239-246, 409-413). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. (ER)

Massie, R. (1985). The constant shadow. In N. Hobbes & J. Perrin (Eds.), Issues in the care of children with chronic illness (pp. 13-23). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. (ER)

Monday, March 22 and Thursday, March 25
No Class - Spring Break

Monday, March 29
Class 16: Prenatal Testing and Disability, part II.

Steinbock, B. (2000). Disability, prenatal testing, and selective abortion. In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 108-123). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Green, R. M. (1997). Prenatal autonomy and the obligation not to harm one's child genetically. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 25(1), 5-15. (ER)

Newell, C. (1999). The social nature of disability, disease and genetics: A response to Gillam, Persson, Holtug, Draper and Chadwick. Journal of Medical Ethics, 25(2), 172-175. (ER)

Kaplan, D. (1994). Prenatal screening and diagnosis: The impact on persons with disabilities. In K. H. Rothenberg & E. J. Thomson (Eds.), Women and prenatal testing: Facing the challenges of genetic technology (pp. 49-61). Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press. (ER)

Thursday, April 1
Class 17: Prenatal Testing and Disability, part III.

Kittay E. F. & Kittay, L. (2000). On the expressivity and ethics of selective abortion for disability: Conversations with my son. In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 165-195). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Ferguson, P. M., Gartner, A., & Lipsky, D. K. (2000). The experience of disability in families: A synthesis of research and parent narratives. In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 72-94). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Press, N. (2000). Assessing the expressive character of prenatal testing: The choices made or the choices made available? In E. Parens & A. Asch (Eds.), Prenatal testing and disability rights (pp. 214-233). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Unit Three: Knowing Your Own Genetic Future

Monday, April 5
Class 18: Knowing Your Own Genetic Future, part I.

Weitzel, J. N. (1999). The current social, political, and medical role of genetic testing in familial breast and ovarian carcinomas. Current opinion in obstetrics and gynecology, 11, 65-70. (ER)

Geller, G. et al. (1997). "Decoding” informed consent: Insights from women regarding breast cancer susceptibility testing. Hastings center report, 27(2), 28-33. (ER)
Thursday, April 8
Class 19: Knowing Your Own Genetic Future, part II.

Allen, A. L. (1997). Genetic privacy: Emerging concepts and values. In M. A. Rothstein (Ed.), Genetic secrets: Protecting privacy and confidentiality in the genetic era (pp. 31-59). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (ER)

Murray, T. H. (1997). Genetic exceptionalism and “future diaries”: Is genetic information different from other medical information? In M. A. Rothstein (Ed.), Genetic secrets: Protecting privacy and confidentiality in the genetic era (pp. 60-73). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (ER)

Miller, P. S. (1998). Genetic discrimination in the workplace. Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics, 26, 189-197. (ER)

Upton, A. C. (1997). Foreword. In M. A. Rothstein (Ed.), Genetic secrets: Protecting privacy and confidentiality in the genetic era (pp. xi-xiv). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (ER)

Friday, April 9
***Second assignment due at 5:00pm (hardcopy and email).***

Monday, April 12
Class 20: Knowing Your Own Genetic Future, part III.

Andrews, L. B. (1997). Gen-Etiquette: Genetic information, family relationships, and adoption. In M. A. Rothstein (Ed.), Genetic secrets: Protecting privacy and confidentiality in the genetic era (pp. 255-280). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (ER)

Kass, N. E. (1997). The implications of genetic testing for health and life insurance. In M. A. Rothstein (Ed.), Genetic secrets: Protecting privacy and confidentiality in the genetic era (pp. 299-316). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (ER)

Rothstein, L. F. (1997). Genetic information in schools. In M. A. Rothstein (Ed.), Genetic secrets: Protecting privacy and confidentiality in the genetic era (pp. 317-331). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (ER)

Unit Four: Genetic Interventions, Genetic Research, Social Policy

Thursday, April 15
Class 21: Genetic Intervention, part I.

Guest Lecturer: Judith Tsipis, PhD
Professor of Biology, Brandeis University
Director of the Genetic Counseling Program, Brandeis University
Topic: Patenting Genes

McGee, G. (1998). Gene patents can be ethical. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 7, 417-421. (ER)

Merz, J. F., & Cho, M. K. (1998). Disease genes are not patentable: A rebuttal of McGee. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 7, 425-28. (ER)

Monday, April 19
No Class - Patriot's Day

Thursday, April 22
Class 22: Genetic Intervention, part II.

Evans, C. H. (2003). Germ-line gene therapy: Can we do it, do we need it, where do we start, and where might it lead? In A. R. Chapman & M. S. Frankel (Eds.), Designing our descendants: The promises and perils of genetic modifications (pp. 93-101). Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. (ER)

Walters, L., & Palmer, J. G. (1997). Enhancement genetic engineering. The ethics of human gene therapy (pp. 99-142). New York: Oxford University Press. (ER)

Juengst, E., & Parens, E. (2003). Germ-line dancing: Definitional considerations for policy makers. In A. R. Chapman & M. S. Frankel (Eds.), Designing our descendants: The promises and perils of genetic modifications (pp. 20-36). Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. (ER)

Monday, April 26
Class 23: Genetic Intervention, part III.

Little, M. O. (1998). Cosmetic surgery, suspect norms, and the ethics of complicity. In E. Parens (Ed.), Enhancing human traits: Ethical and social implications (pp. 162-176). Washington DC: Georgetown University Press. (ER)

Billings, P. R, Hubbard, R., & Newman, S. A. (1999). Human germline gene modification: A dissent. Lancet 353(9167), 1873-1875. (ER)

Duster, T. (2003). The hidden eugenic potential of germ-line interventions. In A. R. Chapman & M. S. Frankel (Eds.), Designing our descendants: The promises and perils of genetic modifications (pp. 156-178). Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. (ER)

Thursday, April 29
Class 24: Population Genetics.

National Research Council. (1997). Scientific and medical value of research on human genetic variation. Evaluating human genetic diversity (pp. 16-22). Washington, DC: National Academy Press. (ER)

National Research Council. (1997). Human rights and human genetic-variation research. Evaluating human genetic diversity (pp. 55-68). Washington, DC: National Academy Press. (ER)

Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism. (2000). Some implications for genetic research for indigenous peoples. Indigenous Peoples, Genes and Genetics: What Indigenous Peoples Should Know About Biocolonialism. (ER)

Monday, May 3
Class 25: Pharmocogenetics.

Buchanan, A., Califano, A., Kahn, J., McPherson, E., Robertson, J., & Brody, B. (2002). Pharmacogenetics: Ethical issues and policy options. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, 12(1), 1-15. (ER)

Foster, M. W., Sharp, R. R., & Mulvihill, J. J. (2001). Pharmacogenetics, race, and ethnicity: Social identities and individualized medical care. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, 23(3), 232-238. (ER)

Risch, N., Burchard, E., Ziv, E., & Tang, H. (2002). Categorization of humans in biomedical research: Genes, race and disease. Genome Biology, 3(7), 1-12. (ER)

Bruan, L. (2002). Race, ethnicity, and health: Can genetics explain disparities? Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 45(2), 159-174. (ER)

Friendly, F. (Creator) (2003). Genes on trial: Genetics, behavior, & the law. Our genes, our choices [Television series]. New York: WNET. (R)

EXTD 202: Multi-Disciplinary Approaches to Abortion

REQUIRED TEXTS:

Morowitz, H. J., & Trefil, J. S. (1992). Facts of life: Science and the abortion controversy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Pojman, L. P., & Beckwith, F. J. (Eds.). (1998). The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Shapiro, I. (Ed.). (2001). Abortion: The Supreme Court decisions 1965-2001. Indianapolis: Hackett.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. Class attendance and active participation is essential to the success of this course. I expect everyone to contribute to lively interchange based on your careful, critical reading of the material assigned for each class. I do take attendance and expect that everyone will be present for a once-a-week class. As part of your class participation, you must select 3 classes for which you will send to me an email paragraph of comments on the assigned readings that includes something you want brought up in the discussion for the day's class. These emails are due at 10:00am Tuesday mornings so that I can use them in formulating the class discussion. One of your emails should be sent by the class of September 30. More than three emails are welcome. (20 percent)

2. The first paper is a 1000 to 1500 word discussion of two personal narratives of decision-making. I will describe this assignment in more detail in a separate handout or email. The paper is due in hardcopy and email at 5:00pm on Thursday, October 2. (20 percent)

3. The second paper is a 1500 to 2000 word analysis and critique of one article from a list I will provide you. The paper is due in hardcopy and email at noon on Friday, November 14. (20 percent)

4. Participation in a debate to be held the last day of class, Tuesday, December 9. Each debate group will have approximately 20 minutes to debate the case. I will provide you a list of the cases from which to choose and we will use some of class time in November to set up debate groups and topics. (20 percent)

5. The final paper is a 2500 to 3000 word discussion of a topic from a list I will provide. You may not pick the topic you debated on December 9. The paper is due in hardcopy and email at 4:30pm on Friday, December 19 (the last day of exams). (20 percent)

CLASS TOPICS AND READINGS:

September 2
Class #1: Overview of course; viewing and discussion of film, "Citizen Ruth."

September 9
Class #2: Choosing Abortion: Personal Accounts of Experiences and Decisions.

Hoshiko, S. (1993). Our choices: Women's personal decisions about abortion. New York: Harrington Park Press. (ER)
" Jo," pp. 39-45
" Joyce," pp. 47-57
" Nicole," pp. 59-68
" Denise," pp. 79-83
" Alisia," pp. 85-90
" Lisa," pp. 91-102

Morrison, D. (1987). Being pregnant: Conversations with women. Vancouver, New Star Books. (ER)
" Suzanne," pp. 70-84
" Maggie," pp. 94-105
" Christine," pp. 122-140
" Surkhpal," pp. 150-158
Rapp, R. (1984). XYLO: A story. In R. Arditti, R. D. Klein, & S. Minden (Eds.), Test-tube women: What future for motherhood? (pp. 313-328). Boston: Pandora. (ER)

Solinger, R. (1998). Chronology of abortion politics. In R. Solinger (Ed.), Abortion wars: A half century of struggle, 1950 - 2000 (pp. xi-xvi). Berkeley: University of California Press. (ER)

Bonavoglia, A. (Ed.) (1991). The choices we made: 25 women and men speak out about abortion. New York: Random House. (ER)
" Introduction," pp. xix-xxxiii
" Norma McCorvey (alias Jane Roe)," pp. 137-143
" 'Kathy,'" pp. 169-177

September 10
***Office hours will be held from 2:00 to 4:00 pm.***

September 16
Class #3: The Biology and Medicine of Abortion: Embryonic and Fetal Development; Methods of Abortion.

Morowitz, H. J. & Trefil, J. S. (1992). Chapters 3, 5, 6 and 7. Facts of life: Science and the abortion controversy (pp. 43-58; 79-101; 105-127; 131-147). New York: Oxford University Press.

Rosenfeld, A., & Iden, S. (1995). Abortion: Medical perspectives. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics. (Vol. 1, pp. 1-6). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

September 17
***Office hours cancelled.***

September 19
***Office hours cancelled.***

September 23
Class #4: Psychological and social issues in unintended pregnancy: Effects on women, partners, and families. What does the literature tell us about how women decide, how male partners respond, how the adoption experience affects children, relinquishing parents, and adoptive parents?

Koop, C. E. (1992). The U.S. Surgeon General's report on the health effects of abortion. In J. D. Butler, & D. F. Walbert (Eds.), Abortion, medicine and the law (Appendix I, pp. 731-744). New York: Facts on File. (ER)

Russo, N. F. (1992). Psychological aspects of unwanted pregnancy and its resolution. In J. D. Butler & D. F. Walbert (Eds.), Abortion, medicine and the law (pp. 593-626). New York: Facts on File. (ER)

Marsiglio, W., & Diekow, D. (1998). Men and abortion: The gender politics of pregnancy resolution. In L. J. Beckman & S. M. Harvey (Eds.), The new civil war: The psychology, culture, and politics of abortion (pp. 269-284). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. (ER)

Boyle, M. (1997). The experience of abortion. In Re-thinking abortion: Psychology, gender, power and the law (pp. 102-127). New York: Routledge. (ER)

September 30
Class #5: Selective Abortion: A Different Kind of Abortion Decision? Sex Selection, Abortion for Fetal Disability.

Callahan, J. C. (1995). Introduction. In J. C. Callahan (Ed.), Reproduction, ethics, and the law: Feminist perspectives (pp. 331-342). Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. (ER)

Wertz, D.C., & Fletcher, J.C. (1992). Sex selection through prenatal diagnosis: A feminist critique. In H. B. Holmes & L. M. Purdy (Eds.), Feminist perspectives in medical ethics (pp. 240-253). Indianapolis: University of Indiana Press. (ER)

Holmes, H. (1995). Choosing children's sex: Challenges to feminist ethics. In J. C. Callahan (Ed.), Reproduction, ethics, and the law: Feminist perspectives (pp. 148-177). Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. (ER)

Panzarino, C. (1990, October/ November). What is choice and who is choosing? Roll Call, pp. 5, 7. (ER)

Saxton, M. (1995). Disability rights and selective abortion. In R. Solinger (Ed.), Abortion wars: A half century of struggle, 1950 - 2000 (pp. 374-393). Berkeley: University of California Press. (ER)

Steinbock, B., & McClamrock, R. (1994). When is birth unfair to the child? Hastings Center Report, 24(6), 15-21. (ER)

Also: Re-read relevant personal decision stories from class of September 9.

October 2
***First assignment due at 5:00pm (hardcopy and email).***

October 7
Class #6: Abortion and Adoption in America: Past and Present.

Guest Lecturer: Adam Pertman, Executive Director, The Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute

Solinger, R. (1998). Pregnancy and power before Roe v. Wade, 1950-1970. In R. Solinger (Ed.), Abortion wars: A half century of struggle, 1950 - 2000 (pp. 15-32). Berkeley: University of California Press. (ER)

Pertman, A. (2000). Chapters 5 and 9 in Adoption nation: How the adoption revolution is transforming America (pp. 137-171; 279-312). New York: Basic Books. (ER)

Morrison, D. (1987). Being pregnant: Conversations with women. Vancouver, New Star Books. (ER)
" Fran," pp. 33-39

Messer, E., & May, K. E. (1988). Back rooms: Voices from the illegal abortion era. New York: St. Martin's Press. (ER)
" Lila," pp. 17-24
" Peter," pp. 63-68
" Ann," pp. 87-90
" Lydia," pp. 163-164
" Ed," pp. 175-178
" Dr. White," pp. 179-180
" Dr. Joan," pp. 181-185
" Anonymous," pp. 217-224

October 9
***First assignment due at 5:00pm (hardcopy and email).***

October 14
No Class - Fall Break

October 21
Class #7: Religious Perspectives and Philosophical Arguments on Abortion.

Divide class and report on:
Feldman, D. M. (1995). Abortion: Religious traditions: Jewish perspectives. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics. (Vol. 1, pp. 26-30). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

Cahill, L. S. (1995). Abortion: Religious traditions: Roman Catholic perspectives. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics. (Vol. 1, pp. 30-34). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

Harrison, B. W. (1995). Abortion: Religious traditions: Protestant perspectives. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics. (Vol. 1, pp. 34-38). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

Bakar, O. (1995). Abortion: Religious traditions: Islamic perspectives. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics. (Vol. 1, pp. 38-42). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

Whole class reads:
Macklin, R. (1995). Abortion: Contemporary ethical and legal aspects: Contemporary ethical perspectives. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics. (Vol. 1, pp. 6-16). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

Thomson, J. J. (1998). A defense of abortion. In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 117-131). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Beckwith, F. J. (1998). Arguments from bodily rights: A critical analysis. In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 132-150). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Patterson, M. T. (1994). Days of panic. In P. King (Ed.), Catholic women and abortion: Stories of healing (pp. 48-66). Kansas City: Shee and Ward. (ER)

October 28
Class #8: Feminists and Progressives who Question Abortion.

Derr, M. K. (2002). Pro-life feminism. In Baer, J. A. (Ed.), Historical and multicultural encyclopedia of women’s reproductive rights in the United States (pp. 172-174). Westport: Greenwood Press. (ER)

Nicolosi, B. (2003). Hollywood: The problem with telling half the story. In T. Wagner (Ed.), Back to the drawing board: The future of the pro-life movement (pp. 257-273). South Bend: St. Augustine Press. (ER)

Sweet, G. G. (1985). Introduction. In G. G. Sweet (Ed.), Pro-life feminism: Different voices (pp. 3-8). Lewiston, NY: Life Cycle Books. (ER)

Hentoff, N. (2003). The liberal voice beyond the base: There’s more to abortion than abortion. In T. Wagner (Ed), Back to the drawing board: The future of the pro-life movement (pp. 214-228). South Bend: St. Augustine Press. (ER)

de Jong, D. (1985). Feminism and abortion -- The great inconsistency. In G. G. Sweet (Ed.), Pro-life feminism: Different voices (pp. 53-56). Lewiston, NY: Life Cycle Books. (ER)

Ginsburg, F. D. (1989). The pro-life narratives. Contested lives: The abortion debate in an American community (pp. 172-197). Berkeley: University of California Press. (ER)

Petchesky, R. P. (1990). Conclusion: Feminism and the conditions of reproductive freedom. Abortion and woman's choice: The state, sexuality, and reproductive freedom (pp. 384-396). Boston: Northeastern University Press. (ER)

Beckman, L. J., & Harvey, S. M. (1998). Introduction. In L. J. Beckman & S. M. Harvey (Eds.), The new civil war: The psychology, culture, and politics of abortion (pp. xix-xxix). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. (ER)

November 4
No Class - Tanner Conference

November 11
Class #9: Abortion and Feminism: Are feminist views different from the standard philosophical discussions?

Willis, E. (1983). Abortion: Is a woman a person? In A. Snitow, C. Stansell, & S. Thompson (Eds.), Powers of desire: The politics of sexuality (pp. 471-476). New York: Monthly Review Press. (ER)

Markowitz, S. (1998). A feminist defense of abortion. In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 389-399). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Wolf, N. (1998). Our bodies, our souls. In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 400-413). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Wolf-Devine, C. (1998). Abortion and the "feminine voice." In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 414-429). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Whitbeck, C. (1998). Taking women seriously as people: The moral implications for abortion. In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 430-451). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Fowler, A., Gamble, N. N., Hogan, F. X., Kogut, M., McComish, M., & Thorp, B. (2001, January 28). Talking with the enemy. Boston Globe, p. F1-F3. (ER)

Callahan, D., & Callahan, S. (1998). Breaking through the stereotypes. In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 5-12). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

November 14
***Second assignment due at noon (hardcopy and email).***

November 18
Class #10: Abortion in the Courts, I: Roe v. Wade and Criticisms.

Roe v. Wade. U.S. Reports 410 Oct. Term 1972, pp. 113-178. (ER)

Ginsburg, R. B. (1998). Some thoughts on autonomy and equality in relation to Roe v. Wade. In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 105-113). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Allen, A. L. (1995). The proposed equal protection fix for abortion law: Reflections on citizenship, gender, and the constitution. Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, 18(2), pp. 419-455. (ER)

November 25
Class #11: Abortion in the Courts, II: After Roe v. Wade.

Allen, A. L. (1995). Abortion: Contemporary ethical and legal aspects: Legal and regulatory issues. In W. T. Reich (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics. (Vol. 1, pp. 16-26). New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan. (ER)

U.S. Supreme Court (2001). Planned Parenthood of Missouri v. Danforth (1976). In I. Shapiro (Ed.), Abortion: The Supreme Court decisions (pp. 80-92). Indianapolis: Hackett.

U.S. Supreme Court (2001). Bellotti v. Baird (1979). In I. Shapiro (Ed.), Abortion: The Supreme Court decisions (pp. 121-129). Indianapolis: Hackett.

U.S. Supreme Court (2001). Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989). In I. Shapiro (Ed.), Abortion: The Supreme Court decisions (pp. 177-194). Indianapolis: Hackett.

U.S. Supreme Court (1998). Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992). In L. P. Pojman & F. J. Beckwith (Eds.), The abortion controversy: 25 years after Roe v. Wade: A reader (pp. 36-68). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

December 2
Class #12: Use of Fetal Tissue, "Partial-Birth" Abortion, and RU-486.

Raymond, J. G. (1995). RU 486: Progress or peril? In J. C. Callahan (Ed.), Reproduction, ethics, and the law: Feminist perspectives (pp. 284-299). Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. (ER)

Toner, R. (2000, September 29). Joy and Outrage. New York Times, pp. A1, A16. (ER)

Daley, S. (2000, October 5). Europe finds abortion pill no magic cure-all. New York Times, pp. A3. (ER)

Kolata, G. (2000, November 14). Wary Doctors spurn new abortion pill. New York Times, pp. F1, F7. (ER)

Nolan, K. (1988). Genug ist genug: A fetus is not a kidney. Hastings Center Report, 18(6), pp. 13-19. (ER)

Vawter, D. E., Kearney, W., Gervais, Caplan, A. L., Garry, D., & Tauer, C. (1990). Summary. In The use of human fetal tissue: Scientific, ethical, and policy concerns (pp. 1-9). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. (ER)

Annas, G. (1998). Partial-birth abortion, Congress, and the Constitution. New England Journal of Medicine, 339(4), pp. 279-283. (ER)

Gans Epner, J. E., Jonas, H. S., & Seckinger, D. L. (1998). Late-term abortion. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280(8), pp. 724-729. (ER)

Sprang, M. L., & Neerof, M. G. (1998). Rationale for banning abortions late in pregnancy. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280(8), pp. 744-747. (ER)

Grimes, D. A. (1998). The continuing need for late abortions. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280(8), 747-750. (ER)

December 9
Class #13: Student debates.

December 19
***Final assignment due at 4:30pm (hardcopy and email).***

EXTD 204 Women and Motherhood

COURSE READINGS:

Readings for this course are drawn from three sources: articles placed on Reserve (R); articles placed on E-Reserve (E); and the following books, available for purchase at the bookstore:

Crittenden, Ann. (2001). The price of motherhood: Why the most important job in the world is still the least valued. New York: Henry Holt and Company. (Cr)

Kline, C. B. (1997). Child of mine: Original essays on becoming a mother. New York: Dell Publishing. (Kl)

Hanigsberg, Julia E. and Ruddick, Sara, (Eds.) (1999). Mother Troubles: Rethinking Contemporary Maternal Dilemmas. Boston: Beacon Press. (H-R)

All readings will be available both on reserve under the course number, and outside of my office door. There will be three copies in the library and one copy outside my office.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. This course will be conducted in a discussion format, demanding that students maintain excellent attendance and active participation by being ready to analyze and question the readings for each week. I will take attendance. In a relatively large class, I may sometimes call on quiet members to aid everyone to join in the discussion and to prevent a few vocal participants from dominating discussion. As part of your participation requirement, you must submit e-mailed comments before three class sessions (of your choice) that raise questions you wish discussed during the class. You also must respond after two class sessions (of your choice) with emailed comments about unresolved issues you would like brought up in the next class. I must receive these emails before 12:00 AM on the night before class. At least one of these five emailed comments must be submitted before February 27th. (25%)

2. A paper of approximately 1500 words based on one of the following narratives and using the readings, class discussions and the Davis Museum trip in your analysis. This paper is due in my email by noon on Friday February 28th. (25 %) Base this paper on one of the following narratives as well as the readings from Unit I:

Dorris, M. (1987). A yellow raft in blue water.

Drabble, M. (1965). The millstone.

Emecheta, B. (1979). The joys of motherhood.

Kingsolver, B. (1988). The bean trees.

McBride, J. (1996). The color of water: A Black man's tribute to his White mother.

Phillips, J. A. (2000). MotherKind.

Warner-Vieyra, M. (1982). Juletane.

3. A paper of approximately 2000 words that explores one of the topics in Unit II. This paper may be based on library research, interviews, or both. I will provide a list of topics. You must submit a topic and consult with me on your approach by Friday, March 14th. This paper is due on Tuesday, April 8th, in my email by 6:00 PM. (25 %)

4. A paper of approximately 2500 words responding to a question provided to you the last day of class. This paper is due on the last day of exams, Monday, May 19th, in my email by 4:30 PM. Seniors, if you get this in earlier, it will help. (25 %)

GENERAL INFORMATION:

Office hours are Tuesdays 2:30 - 4:00 PM; Wednesdays 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM & 4:00 - 6:00 PM and by appointment for people who cannot use these hours or in situations where I must cancel office hours. I will not necessarily be available Thursday afternoon through Sunday evening. This means that emails and phone calls may not be returned during these times, so please plan ahead. If for any reason you feel you have serious concerns about meeting the course requirements as specified, please talk with me the first week of classes and we can discuss your particular situation.

LIST OF TOPICS AND READINGS:

Monday, January 27: Introduction.

Unit I. Notions of Motherhood

Thursday, January 30: Narratives of mothers and children.

Olsen, T. (1961). I stand here ironing. In Tell me a riddle. New York: Dell, 1-12. (E)

Brown, E. B. (1991). Mothers of mind. In P. Bell-Scott et al. (Eds.), Double stitch: Black women write about mothers and daughters. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 74-93. (E)

Greenhalgh, T. (2001). Off balance. British Medical Journal, 323(7316), 815. (E)

Monday, February 3: Physiological bases of maternal behavior.

Gene may be clue to nature of nurturing. (1996, July 26). New York Times, A21. (E)

Rossi, A. (1977). A biosocial perspective on parenting. Daedelus, 106(2), 1-31. (E)

Panksepp, J. (1998). Love and the social bond: The sources of nurturance and maternal behavior. In Affective neuroscience: The foundations of human and animal emotions. New York: Oxford University Press, 306-328. (E)

Thursday, February 6: American Motherhood in the Nineteenth Century.

Lewis, J. (1997). Mother's love: The construction of an emotion in 19th century America. In R. D. Apple & J. Golden (Eds.), Mothers and motherhood: Readings in American history. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 52-71. (R)

Apple, R. D. (1997). Constructing mothers: Scientific motherhood in the 19th and 20th centuries. In R. D. Apple & J. Golden (Eds.), Mothers and motherhood: Readings in American history. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 90-110. (R)

Monday, February 10: Motherhood in the Late 20th Century.

Chodorow, N. (1978). The reproduction of mothering: Psychoanalysis and the sociology of gender. Berkeley: University of California Press. Chapter 1, 3-10; Chapter 2, 11-39. (E)

Coontz, S. (1997). The way we really are. New York: BasicBooks, Chapter 3, 51-75. (E)

Thursday February 13: Philosophical Thinking about Motherhood

Ruddick, S. (1989). Maternal thinking: Toward a politics of peace. Boston: Beacon, Chapters 1-3, 13-81. (R)

Monday, February 17: No class, President's Day.

Tuesday, February 18: Contemporary Theorizing about Motherhood.
[Monday Schedule on 2/18 because of President's Day 2/17]

Cooey, P. M. "Ordinary Mother" as Oxymoron: The Collusion of Theology, Theory, and Politics in the Undermining of Mothers. In J.E. Hanigsberg and S. Ruddick (Eds.), Mother Troubles: Rethinking Contemporary Maternal Dilemmas. Boston: Beacon Press, 229-249. (H-R)

Miller-McLemore, B.J. Ideals and Realities of Motherhood: A Theological Perspective. J.E. Hanigsberg and S. Ruddick (Eds.), Mother Troubles: Rethinking Contemporary Maternal Dilemmas. Boston: Beacon Press, 281-303. (H-R)

Student Reports: One third of the class will read Collins, one third will read Nedelsky, one third will read Lewin and be ready to talk about them during this class discussion.

Collins, P. H. (1987). The meaning of motherhood in Black culture and Black mother/daughter relationships. SAGE, 4(2), 3-10. (E)

Nedelsky, J. (1999). Dilemmas of passion, privilege, and isolation: Reflections on mothering in a White, middle-class nuclear family. In J. E. Hanigsberg and S. Ruddick (Eds.), Mother troubles. Boston: Beacon Press, 304-334. (H-R)

Lewin, E. (1993). Looking for lesbian motherhood. In Lesbian mothers: Accounts of gender in American culture. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1-17. (E)

Thursday, February 20: Images of Motherhood - Visit to the Davis Museum.

Unit 2. Raising Children.

Monday, February 24: Deciding about Children.

Tobin, P. O. Z. (1998). Motherhood optional. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson, Inc., Beginnings, xi-xvi; Chapter 2, 17-32; Chapter 4, 51-70. (R)

Hacker, A. (2000, November 30). The case against kids. New York Review of Books. (E)

Thursday, February 27: Deciding about Children, cont'd.

Cowan, C. P. & Cowan, P. A. (2000). When Partners Become Parents: The Big Life Change For Couples. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, 15-30. (E)

Lewin, E. (1993). “This permanent roommate. In Lesbian mothers: Accounts of gender in American culture. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 95-116. (E)

*1st paper due Friday, February 28th at noon.*

Monday, March 3: Mothering an Infant.

Schappell, E. (1997). In search of the maternal instinct. In Kline, 22-31.

Clements, M. (1997). Pokega, from the heart. In Kline, 39-49.

Lutz, E. (1997). Thumbelina: The complexities of having a pretty little girl. In Kline, 103-116.

Bird, S. (1997). Baby blues: A journal. In Kline, 155-170.

Student Reports: One fifth of the class will read Danquah, one fifth will read Hanauer, one fifth will read Shutz, one fifth will read Leavy, and one fifth will read Simpson, and be prepared to talk about them in class discusison.

Danquah, M. (1997). Negotiating violence. In Kline, 171-180.

Hanauer, C. (1997). Breastfeeding: The agony and the ecstasy. In Kline, 181-191.

Shutz, L. (1997). A family romance. In Kline, 232-242.

Leavy, J. (1997). My choice. In Kline, 307-318.

Simpson, M. (1997). Beginning. In Kline, 319-326.

Thursday, March 6: Mothering an Infant, Part II.

Chodorow, N., & Controtto, S. (1992). The fantasy of the perfect mother. In B. Thorne & M. Yalom (Eds.), Rethinking the family: Some feminist questions. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 191-214. (E)

Eyer, D. E. (1992). Constructing motherhood and infancy. In Mother-infant bonding: A scientific fiction. New Haven: Yale University Press, 99-128. (E)

Monday, March 10: Varieties of Motherhood, Part I: Single Mothers by Choice, Single Mothers after Divorce.

Hertz, R., & Ferguson, F. I. T. (1997). Kinship strategies and self-sufficiency among single mothers by choice: Post modern family ties. Qualitative sociology, 20(2), 187-209. (E)

Lindemann Nelson, H. (1999). Always Connect: Toward a Parental Ethics of Divorce. In J.E. Hanigsberg and S. Ruddick (Eds.), Mother Troubles: Rethinking Contemporary Maternal Dilemmas. Boston: Beacon Press, 117-135. (H-R)

Thursday, March 13: Varieties of Motherhood, Part II: Lesbian Mothers.

Shanley, M. L. (1999). Lesbian families: Dilemmas in grounding legal recognition of parenthood. In J. E. Hanigsberg and S. Ruddick (Eds.), Mother Troubles. Boston: Beacon Press, 178-207. (H-R)

Murphy, J.S. (1999) Should Lesbians Count as Infertile Couples? Antilesbian Discrimination in Assisted Reproduction. In A. Donchin and L.M. Purdy (Eds.), Embodying Bioethics: Recent Feminist Advances. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 103-120. (E)

Hill, K. (1987). Mothers by Insemination: Interviews. In S. Pollack and J. Vaughn (Eds.), Politics of the Heart. Ithaca, NY: Firebrand Books, 111-119. (E)

Lopez, K. J. (2002, April 12). Is Gay Adoption Harmful? Moving behind the Gay-Adoption Headlines: Q&A with Robert Lerner on Gay Adoption [15 paragraphs]. National Review Online [On-line serial],http://www.nationalreview.com/interrogatory/interrogatory041202.asp. (E)

Monday, March 24: Varieties of Motherhood, Part III: Mothers with Disabilities.

Walker, L. A. (1985, June 20). Children of the disabled face special pressures. New York Times, C1, C6. (E)

Kendrick, D. (1985, Winter). Spotlight on children: Let's be grown-ups. Dialogue, 128-34. (E)

Grue, L., Laerum, K.T. Doing Motherhood: Some Experiences of Mothers with Physical Disabilities. Disability and Society 17, no. 6 (2002): 671-683. (E)

Thursday, March 27: Mothering without Money.

Edin, Kathryn and Lein, Laura. (1997) Making Ends Meet: How Single Mothers Survive Welfare and Low Wage Work. New York: Russel-Sage Foundation, 218-235. (E)

Dujon, D. (1996). Out of the frying pan: Reflections of a former welfare recipient. In D. Dujon & A. Withorn (Eds.), For crying out loud: Women’s poverty in the United States. Boston: South End Press, 9-12. (R)

Dujon, D. & Withorn, A. There but for fortune: The failures of our dreams and back-up systems. In D. Dujon & A. Withorn (Eds.), For crying out loud: Women’s poverty in the United States. Boston: South End Press, 19-21. (R)

Flanders, L., Jackson, J., & Shadoan, D. (1996). Media lies: Media, public opinion, and welfare. In D. Dujon & A. Withorn (Eds.), For crying out loud: Women’s poverty in the United States. Boston: South End Press, 29-39. (R)

Cerullo, M. &. Erlien M. (1996). "Beyond the 'normal family': A cultural critique of women's poverty. In D. Dujon & A. Withorn (Eds.), For crying out loud: Women’s poverty in the United States. Boston: South End Press, 87-105. (R)

Unit III. Ethical and Social Policy Issues

Monday, March 31: Pregnancy as social event.

Kaplan, E. A. (1994). Look who's talking, indeed: Fetal images in recent North American visual culture. In E. N. Glenn, G. Chang, & L. R. Forcey (Eds.), Mothering: Ideology, experience, and agency. New York: Routledge, 121-37. (E)

Michaels, M. W. (1999). Fetal galaxies: Some questions about what we see. In L. M. Morgan, & M. W. Michaels (Eds.), Fetal subjects, feminist positions. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 113-132. (E)

Thursday, April 3: Pregnancy and maternal-fetal relations.

Paltrow, L. M. (1999). Punishment and prejudice: Judging drug-using pregnant women. In J. E. Hanigsberg and S. Ruddick (Eds.), Mother troubles. Boston: Beacon Press, 59-80. (H-R)

Murphy, J. S. (1995). Feminist concerns about ectogenesis: Is pregnancy necessary? In The constructed body: AIDS, reproductive technology, and ethics. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 113-133. (E)

Casper, M. J. (1999). Operation to the rescue: Feminist encounters with fetal surgery. In L. M. Morgan, & M. W. Michaels (Eds.), Fetal subjects, feminist positions. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 101-112. (E)

Monday, April 7: Mothers, Fathers and Co-parenting.

Laqueur, T. (1992). The facts of fatherhood. In B. Thorne & M. Yalom (Eds.), Rethinking the family, Some feminist questions. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 155-75. (R)

Ruddick, S. (1992). Thinking about fathers. In B. Thorne & M. Yalom (Eds.), Rethinking the family, Some feminist questions. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 176-90. (R)

Chodorow, N. (1978). Gender personality and the reproduction of mothering. The reproduction of mothering: Psychoanalysis and the sociology of gender. Berkeley: University of California Press, 205-209. (E)

*Second Paper Due Tuesday, April 8th; In-Class Presentation of Central Thesis of paper, April 10th*

Thursday, April 10: In Class Discussion of Varieties of Motherhood papers.

Monday, April 14: Employment and family policy, Part I.

Haley, H., Perry-Jenkins, M., Armenia, A. (2001) Workplace Policies and the Psychological Well-Being of First-Time Parents: The Case of Working-Class Families. In Hertz, R. and Marshall, N. L., Working Families: The Transformation of the American Home. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 227-250. (R)

Lundgren, L.M., Flesicher-Cooperman, J., Schneider, R., Fitzgerald, T. (2001) Work, Family, and Gender in Medicine: How Do Dual-Earners Decide Who Should Work Less?. In Hertz, R. and Marshall, N.L., Working Families: The Transformation of the American Home. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 251-269. (R)

Thursday, April 17: Employment and family policy, Part II.

Spain, D., & Bianchi, S. M. (1996). Family well-being: Wives and single mothers. In Balancing act: Motherhood marriage and employment among American women. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 141-166. (R)

Spain, D., & Bianchi, S. M. (1996). Combining employment and family. In Balancing act: Motherhood marriage and employment among American women. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 167-192. (R)

Monday, April 21: No Class, Patriots Day.

Thursday, April 24: Employment and family policy, Part III.

Crittenden, Ann. (2001). The price of motherhood: Why the most important job in the world is still the least valued. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1-86. (Cr)

Monday, April 28: Employment and family policy, Part IV.

Crittenden, Ann. (2001). The price of motherhood: Why the most important job in the world is still the least valued. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 87-185. (Cr)

Thursday, May 1: Employment and family policy, Part V.

Crittenden, Ann. (2001). The price of motherhood: Why the most important job in the world is still the least valued. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 186-274. (Cr)

Monday, May 4: Mothers, Families and Society

EXTD 300: Ethical and Political Issues in Reproduction

Adrienne Asch
Spring 2002
Tuesday 1:30-4:00 p.m.
Pendleton East 351
email: aasch@wellesley.edu
Teaching Office: Pendleton East 133, x3248
Program Office: Founders 215, x3423
Office Hours: Monday, 2:00-4:00 p.m.; Wednesday, 10:00-12:00 noon; also by appointment. You may call me at my home (781-237-9572) if it is hard to work out something during daytime hours.

REQUIRED TEXTS:

Readings for this course will be drawn from three sources: The following books (available for purchase in the bookstore); a coursepack (CP) of additional readings (available for purchase in the program office); as well as reserve readings (R) (available at Clapp and outside the program office). Two copies of each of the books and two coursepacks will also be on reserve.

Becker, G. (2000). The elusive embryo: How men and women approach new reproductive technologies. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Tong, R. (1997). Feminist approaches to bioethics: Theoretical reflections and practical applications. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. Attendance and active participation in all classes and in the required Luce Lecture on Thursday, April 4th. This is noted on the syllabus, and I expect you to arrange your schedules to ensure attendance at this lecture.

2. Class Participation: I take attendance and expect that everyone will be present for a once-a-week seminar. Participation in this seminar includes engaging in discussion during class reflecting careful, critical reading of the assigned material. It also includes sending an email with questions and comments for three classes during the semester; these should be received by me before 11:00 AM the day of the class. One such email should be sent by the class of March 5th. Questions and comments about paper topics, debates, or the class each of you will be responsible for co-leading do not count towards this requirement. Although I do not grade these emails and do not respond individually to them, they are important in my learning about you and in ensuring that class sessions clarify and enrich your understanding of the topics and readings. (20 percent).

3. Each of you will help to lead one class session, beginning with Class 7. During the class of February 12th, we will organize the discussion-leading groups. Each group should plan to meet with me at least one week before the session you are helping to lead. (15 percent).

4. A 1500-2000 word case analysis, due in email and hard copy by 12:00 p.m., Friday, March 8th. This case analysis will resemble the material discussed in class during the first session. Cases will be made available to you by February 26th. (20 percent).

5. During the last class session, each of you will participate in debating a topic. Each group will have 15-20 minutes for the formal presentation and will then take questions from your classmates and from me. I will provide a list of possible topics, and we will select the ones in which there is the greatest interest. (15 percent).

6. A final paper that is an in-depth exploration of a topic not extensively covered in class. The paper should include original research and analysis, along with arguments supporting your own views. I will provide a list of topics from which to choose, or you may propose your own. Your paper should not substantially overlap either the topics you discuss in the class you help to lead, or the topic you debate in the last session. I will expect a topic selection by March 15th; I will expect a brief statement of your approach and a preliminary bibliography by April 19th. The paper should be between 3000-5000 words and is due in email and hard copy by 4:30 on the last day of exams, May 20th. (30 percent).

CLASS TOPICS AND READINGS:

Unit I: Procreative liberties and families

January 29
Class #1: Introduction.

February 5
Class #2: General Ethical Theory. What is a "family"?

Tong, R. (1997). Feminist approaches to bioethics: Theoretical reflections and practical applications. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Nonfeminist approaches to ethics (pp. 9-36); Feminist approaches to ethics (pp. 37-52); Nonfeminist approaches to bioethics (pp. 53-74); Feminist approaches to bioethics (pp. 75-98).

Murray, T. (1996). Why do adults have children? In The worth of a child (pp. 1-13). Berkeley: University of California Press. (CP)

O’Neil, O. & Ruddick, W. (1979). General introduction. In O. O’Neil & W. Ruddick (Eds.), Having children: Philosophical and legal reflections on parenthood (pp. 3-8). New York: Oxford University Press. (CP)

February 7-10
Optional session -- "Blood Brothers" is a play including the theme of adoption that will be presented at the Alumnae Hall Auditorium. We could select a performance to attend as a group and follow it by discussion and dessert.

February 12
Class #3: Preventing Birth.

U.S. Supreme Court. Griswold v. Connecticut (1965). In I. Shapiro (2001) (Ed.), Abortion: The Supreme Court decisions (2nd edition, pp. 1-17). Indianapolis: Hackett. (CP)

U.S. Supreme Court. Eisenstadt v. Baird (1972). In I. Shapiro (2001) (Ed.), Abortion: The Supreme Court decisions (2nd edition, pp. 18-21). Indianapolis: Hackett. (CP)

Steinbock, B. (1996). The concept of coercion and long-term contraceptives. In E. H. Moskowitz & B. Jennings (Eds.), Coerced contraception?: Moral and policy challenges of long-acting birth control (pp. 53-78). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. (CP)

Battin, P. (1996). Teen pregnancy: Prevention by education, legislation, and immunization. Paper presented at Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, April 27, 1996. (CP)

February 19
No class – Monday schedule.

Unit II: The Moral and Medical Status of Embryos and Fetuses

February 26
Class #4: Embryo Research and Stem Cell Research.

National Institutes of Health. (1994). Report of the human embryo research panel. Volume I. Bethesda, MD. Executive summary (pp. ix-xx); Ethical considerations in preimplantation embryo research (pp. 65-74). (CP)

National Bioethics Advisory Commission. (1999). Ethical issues in human stem cell research. Volume I: Report and recommendations of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission. Rockville, MD. Executive summary (pp. i-xi); Introduction (pp. 1-6); Ethical issues (45-64). (CP)

Siegel, A. W. (1999). Locating convergence: Ethics, public policy, and human stem cell research. In Ethical issues in human stem cell research. Volume II: Commissioned papers (pp. J1-J11). Rockville, MD. (CP)

March 5
Class #5: The Fetus.

U.S. Supreme Court. Roe v. Wade (1973). In I. Shapiro (2001) (Ed.), Abortion: The Supreme Court decisions (2nd edition, pp. 22-46). Indianapolis: Hackett. (CP)

Murray, T. H. (1996). Moral obligations to the not-yet born: The fetus as patient. In T. A. Mappes and D. DeGrazia, (Eds.), Biomedical ethics. (pp. 464-473). New York: McGraw-Hill. (CP)

Robertson, J. (1994). Preventing prenatal harm to offspring. In Children of choice: Freedom and the new reproductive technologies (pp. 173-194). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (CP)

Casper, M. (1998). Clinical trials in fetal surgery: Making, protecting, and contesting human subjects. In The making of the unborn patient: A social anatomy of fetal surgery (pp. 135-167). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. (CP)

Bliton, M. J. (2000). Proposals for new guidelines: Attending to moral matters in fetal surgery. Paper presented at “Fetal Surgery and the Moral Presence of the Fetus Conference.” Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University. (pp. 1-6). (CP)

Arras, John D. (1990). HIV and childbearing: AIDS and reproductive decisions: Having children in fear and trembling. Milbank Quarterly, 68(3), 353-382. (CP)

March 8
First paper due 12:00 p.m.

Unit III: Making Families

March 12
Class #6: Adoption.

All read:
Wegar, K. (1997). Adoption, identity, and kinship: The debate over sealed birth records. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Introduction: Adoption and the difference dilemma (pp. 1-16); Adoption, inequality, and the law: The origins of the sealed records controversy (pp. 17-42); “Blood Ties: The Sacred Bond” (pp. 89-92). (CP)

Divide and read:
Pertman, A. (2000). Adoptees: The quest for identity. In Adoption nation: How the adoption revolution is transforming America (pp. 103-136). New York Basic Books. (R)

Pertman, A. (2000). Birth parents: A painful dilemma. In Adoption nation: How the adoption revolution is transforming America (pp. 137-171). New York Basic Books. (R)

Pertman, A. (2000). Adoptive Parents: Infertility begets a family. In Adoption nation: How the adoption revolution is transforming America (pp. 172-206). New York Basic Books. (R)

March 15
Send an email statement of your proposed topic for the final paper, approximately 100 words.

March 19
No class – Spring break.

March 26
Class #7: Infertility: Medical and Psychological Issues.

Seibel, M. (1996). Understanding the medical procedures and terminology surrounding reproductive technology. In M. Seibel and S. Crackin (Eds.), Family building through egg and sperm donation: Medical, legal and ethical issues (pp. 1-32). Boston: Jones and Bartlett. (CP)

Berg, B. (1995). Listening to the voices of the infertile. In J. Callahan (Ed.), Reproduction, ethics and the law. (pp. 80-108). Indianapolis: University of Indiana Press. (CP)

Becker, G. (2000). The elusive embryo: How men and women approach new reproductive technologies (pp. 1-132). Berkeley: University of California Press.

New York Times series on infertility: (CP)
Gabriel, T. (1996, January 7). High-tech pregnancies test hope's limit. The New York Times, A1, A18.

Hoffman, J. (1996, January 8). Egg donations meet a need and raise ethical questions. The New York Times, A1, A10.

Lee, F. R. (1996, January 9). Infertile couples forge ties within society of their own. The New York Times, A1, A39.

Rosenthal, E. (1996, January 10). From lives begun in a lab, brave new joy. The New York Times, A1, C6.

April 2
Class #8: Infertility: Ethical Issues.

Becker, G. (2000). The elusive embryo: How men and women approach new reproductive technologies (pp. 133-250). Berkeley: University of California Press.

Divide and read:
Steinbock, B. (1992). Embryo research and new reproductive technologies. In Life before birth: The moral and legal status of embryos and fetuses (pp. 195-219). New York: Oxford University Press. (R)

Robertson, J. (1994). IVF, infertility, and the status of embryos. Children of choice: Freedom and the new reproductive technologies (pp. 97-118). Princeton University Press. (R)

April 4
Daniel Callahan, Ph.D. Director, International Programs, The Hastings Center. Luce Lecture: "Passion, Bigotry, and Ideology: The Stem Cell Debate".

April 9
Class #9: Gamete Donation.

MacNab, R. T. (1996). Psychological issues associated with donor insemination. In M. Seibel and S. Crockin (Eds.), Family building through egg and sperm donation: Medical, legal and ethical issues. (pp. 53-60). Boston: Jones and Bartlett. (CP)

Brill, M., and Levin, S. (1996). Psychologic counseling and screening for egg donation. In M. Seibel and S. Crockin (Eds.), Family building through egg and sperm donation: Medical, legal and ethical issues. (pp. 76-93). Boston: Jones and Bartlett. (CP)

Fogg-Davis, H. (2001). Navigating race in market for human gametes. Hastings Center Report, 31(5), 13-21. (CP)

Tong, R. (1997). Nonfeminist and feminist perspectives on artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilization. In Feminist approaches to bioethics: Theoretical reflections and practical applications (pp. 187-212). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

National Advisory Board on Ethics in Reproduction (NABER). (1996). Report and recommendations on oocyte donation. In C. Cohen, (Ed.), New ways of making babies: The case of egg donation. (pp. 233-320). Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. (CP)

April 11
Optional session -- Pre-conference for AIDS in South Africa: The Social Expression of a Pandemic. A conference sponsored at Wellesley College, will include discussion of AIDS and reproduction in South Africa (conference date -- April 20).

April 16
Class #10: Contract Motherhood, part I.

New Jersey Commission on Legal and Ethical Problems in the Delivery of Health Care (September, 1992). The current practice of surrogacy. In After Baby M: The legal, ethical and social dimensions of surrogacy. (pp.39-65). (CP)

Robertson, J. (1994). Collaborative reproduction: Donors and surrogates. Children of choice: Freedom and the new reproductive technologies (pp. 119-145). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (CP)

Allen, A. (1990). Surrogacy, slavery and the ownership of life. Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, 13(1), 139-149. (CP)

Tong, R. (1997). Feminist and nonfeminist perspectives on surrogacy. In Feminist approaches to bioethics: Theoretical reflections and practical applications (pp. 187-212). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

April 19
Provide an email statement of approach and preliminary bibliography for final paper.

April 20
Optional session -- AIDS in South Africa: The Social Expression of a Pandemic. A conference sponsored at Wellesley College, will include discussion of AIDS and reproduction in South Africa.

April 23
Class #11: Contract Motherhood, part II.

Murray, T. (1996). Families, the marketplace and values. In The worth of a child. (pp. 14-40). Berkeley: University of California Press. (CP)

Shanley, M. L. (2001). “Surrogate” motherhood: The limits of contractual freedom. In Making babies, making families: What matters most in an age of reproductive technologies, surrogacy, adoption, and same-sex and unwed parents (pp. 102-123). Boston: Beacon Press. (CP)

Narayan, U. (1995). The “gift” of a child: commercial surrogacy, gift surrogacy, and motherhood. In P. Boling (Ed.), Expecting trouble: Surrogacy, fetal abuse & new reproductive technologies (pp. 177-202). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. (CP)

Rush, S. (1993). Breaking with tradition: Surrogacy and gay fathers. In D. T. Meyers, K. Kipnis & C. F. Murphy, Jr. (Eds.), Kindred matters: Rethinking the philosophy of the family (pp. 102-142). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. (CP)

April 30
Class #12: Cloning.

National Bioethics Advisory Commission. (1997). Cloning human beings: Report and recommendations of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission. Rockville, MD. The science and application of cloning (pp. 13-38); Ethical considerations (pp. 62-84); Legal and policy considerations (87-105). (CP)

Kass, L. (1997). The wisdom of repugnance. The New Republic 216, 17-26. (CP)

Brock, D. (1998). Cloning human beings: An assessment of the ethical issues pro and con. In M. C. Nussbaum & C. R. Sunstein (Eds.), Clones and clones: Facts and fantasies about human cloning (pp. 141-164). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. (CP)

Green, R. (2001). Much ado about mutton: An ethical review of the cloning controversy. In P. Lauritzen (Ed.), Cloning and the future of human embryo research (pp. 114-131). New York: Oxford University Press. (CP)

Pence, G. (1998). Arguments for allowing human asexual reproduction. In Who’s afraid of human cloning? (pp. 99-117). New York: Rowman & Littlefield. (CP)

Murray, T. (2001, April, 8). Even if it worked, cloning wouldn’t bring her back. The Washington Post, B01. (CP)

Charo, R. A. (2001). Every cell is sacred: Logical consequences of the argument from potential in the age of cloning. In P. Lauritzen (Ed.), Cloning and the future of human embryo research (pp. 82-89). New York: Oxford University Press. (CP)

May 7
Class #13: Class debates & Wrap-up.

May 20
Final Papers due 4:30 p.m.

rev. 6/26/03

Table of Contents

EXTD 202: Multi-Disciplinary Approaches to Abortion

EXTD 204 Women and Motherhood

EXTD 300: Ethical and Political Issues in Reproduction