наладили 3rd pl. past of colloq. наладить = to put, to say, to present; see ладят on line 3
Дурак nom. masc. sing. noun = fool
Брось informal imperative < бросить = to give up, to cease (lit. to throw)
ходить indeterminate verb of motion = to walk, to go (on foot)
царев archaic acc. sing. masc. adj. = of the Tsar, the Tsar's; modifies кабак
кабак acc. masc. sing. of archaic noun кабак = tavern, public house
ладят всё одно 3rd sing. pres. of idiomatic "ладить всё одно" = to harp on the same thing
Пей informal imperative < пить = to drink
воду acc. sing. of fem. noun вода = water; obj. of Пей
вино acc. sing. of neut. noun вино = wine
Вон particle = вот = there, over there
хошь colloq. particle derived from хочешь = you want; operates here as a parenthetical "if you want" ("если хочешь")
речке dat. sing. of fem. noun речка (dim. < река) = little river; dat. < see поклонись
поклонись informal imperative from поклониться (+ dat.) = to kneel (before something), to bend down (to something)
быстрой gen. sing. fem. of adj. (used as noun) быстрый = swift, fast; refers to речке in preceding line
поучись informal imperative < поучиться = to do a bit of studying, to learn a thing or two
реченьке dat. sing. of colloq. fem. noun реченька = dim. of речка
пойду 1st sing. pres. of pf. пойти = to set out, to go
С c + instr. = with, together with
речкой instr. sing. of речка
речи acc. pl. of fem. noun речь = speech, discourse; obj. of поведу
поведу 1st sing. pres. of pf. повести = to conduct, to lead, to carry on; obj. is речи
Говорят 3rd pl. pres. < говорить
мне dat. of я; indirect obj. of Говорят
умна fem. sing. short form of adj. умный = clever, smart; note that adj. form identifies narrator as female
Поклонюсь 1st sing. pres. of pf. поклониться
тебе dat. of ты; refers to речка; dat. < see above
до до + gen. = until, to, down to
дна gen. sing. of neut. noun дно = bottom; gen. < до
Научи informal imperative < научить = to teach
мне dat. of я; used here in sense of "мне надо" or "я должна"
Пьянством instr. sing. of neut. noun пьянство = drunkenness, inebriation, hard drinking; instr. < see срамить
люда gen. sing. of collective colloq. noun люд = people; gen. < negation of срамить
срамить infinitive срамить (+ instr.) = to shame (with / by something)
в see Утопить below
тебя acc. of ты; refers to реку
мою acc. fem. sing. of мой; modifies реку
реку acc. sing. of fem. noun река = river; acc. < see в
Утопить infinitive утопить (acc. + в + acc.) = to drown (something in something); obj. is змею-тоску
змею-тоску acc. sing. of colloq. compound fem. noun змея-тоска = serpent-sorrow; obj. of Утопить
научишь 2nd sing. pres. of pf. научить
век acc. sing. of masc. noun век = century, age; acc. < duration of an action
тогда adv. = then, as a result
Исполать interjection (not an infinitive!) + dat. = Hail to...!
тебе dat. of ты; refers to вода; dat. < see Исполать
отбила 3rd sing. fem. past of отбить (от + gen.) = to beat off (from), to repulse (from); understood subj. is вода
дурака acc. sing. of дурак; obj. of отбила
От see отбила
царева gen. sing. of archaic masc. adj. царев; modifies кабак
кабака gen. sing. of кабак; gen. < see отбила